Which action is appropriate when there are signs of a head injury?

• A. Monitor airway, call EMS
• B. Apply ice to the entire head
• C. Give aspirin to reduce pain
• D. Let the person sleep it off

Answer: (A)

When a head injury is suspected, protecting the airway and getting professional medical help right away is essential. Head injuries can worsen quickly, and signs like confusion, drowsiness, vomiting, severe headache, or loss of consciousness mean a medical evaluation is needed to rule out brain injury or bleeding. In the field, the best action is to check responsiveness and breathing, keep the person still to protect the neck if a spinal injury could be present, and call EMS for transport to a hospital. If they stop breathing, begin CPR and follow any dispatcher instructions. Do not give food or drink, do not move them unnecessarily, and do not delay medical care by trying unproven remedies. In a paddling situation, get help promptly (use a radio if needed) and keep them safe and warm until help arrives.